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Encryption Filters

Warning

This feature has been DEPRECATED as of PHP 7.1.0. Relying on this feature is highly discouraged.

Encryption filters are especially useful for file/stream encryption.

mcrypt.* and mdecrypt.* provide symmetric encryption and decryption using libmcrypt. Both sets of filters support the same algorithms available to mcrypt extension in the form of mcrypt.ciphername where ciphername is the name of the cipher as it would be passed to mcrypt_module_open(). The following five filter parameters are also available:

mcrypt filter parameters
Parameter Required? Default Sample Values
mode Optional cbc cbc, cfb, ecb, nofb, ofb, stream
algorithms_dir Optional ini_get('mcrypt.algorithms_dir') Location of algorithms modules
modes_dir Optional ini_get('mcrypt.modes_dir') Location of modes modules
iv Required N/A Typically 8, 16, or 32 bytes of binary data. Depends on cipher
key Required N/A Typically 8, 16, or 32 bytes of binary data. Depends on cipher

Example #1 Encrypt/Decrypt with Blowfish

<?php
//$key assumed to be previously generated
$iv_size mcrypt_get_iv_size(MCRYPT_BLOWFISHMCRYPT_MODE_CBC);
$iv mcrypt_create_iv($iv_sizeMCRYPT_DEV_URANDOM);
$fp fopen('encrypted-file.enc''wb');
fwrite($fp$iv);
$opts = array('mode'=>'cbc','iv'=>$iv'key'=>$key);
stream_filter_append($fp'mcrypt.blowfish'STREAM_FILTER_WRITE$opts);
fwrite($fp'message to encrypt');
fclose($fp);

//decrypt...
$fp fopen('encrypted-file.enc''rb');
$iv fread($fp$iv_size mcrypt_get_iv_size(MCRYPT_BLOWFISHMCRYPT_MODE_CBC));
$opts = array('mode'=>'cbc','iv'=>$iv'key'=>$key)
stream_filter_append($fp'mdecrypt.blowfish'STREAM_FILTER_READ$opts);
$data rtrim(stream_get_contents($fp));//trims off null padding
fclose($fp);
echo 
$data;
?>

Example #2 Encrypt file using AES-128 CBC with SHA256 HMAC in PHP 5.5+

<?php
AES_CBC
::encryptFile($password"plaintext.txt""encrypted.enc");
AES_CBC::decryptFile($password"encrypted.enc""decrypted.txt");

class 
AES_CBC
{
    protected static 
$KEY_SIZES = array('AES-128'=>16,'AES-192'=>24,'AES-256'=>32);
    protected static function 
key_size() { return self::$KEY_SIZES['AES-128']; } //default AES-128
    
public static function encryptFile($password$input_stream$aes_filename){
        
$iv_size mcrypt_get_iv_size(MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128MCRYPT_MODE_CBC);
        
$fin fopen($input_stream"rb");
        
$fc fopen($aes_filename"wb+");
        if (!empty(
$fin) && !empty($fc)) {
            
fwrite($fcstr_repeat("_"32) );//placeholder, SHA256 HMAC will go here later
            
fwrite($fc$hmac_salt mcrypt_create_iv($iv_sizeMCRYPT_DEV_URANDOM));
            
fwrite($fc$esalt mcrypt_create_iv($iv_sizeMCRYPT_DEV_URANDOM));
            
fwrite($fc$iv mcrypt_create_iv($iv_sizeMCRYPT_DEV_URANDOM));
            
$ekey hash_pbkdf2("sha256"$password$esalt$it=1000self::key_size(), $raw=true);
            
$opts = array('mode'=>'cbc''iv'=>$iv'key'=>$ekey);
            
stream_filter_append($fc'mcrypt.rijndael-128'STREAM_FILTER_WRITE$opts);
            
$infilesize 0;
            while (!
feof($fin)) {
                
$block fread($fin8192);
                
$infilesize+=strlen($block);
                
fwrite($fc$block);
            }
            
$block_size mcrypt_get_block_size(MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128MCRYPT_MODE_CBC);
            
$padding $block_size - ($infilesize $block_size);//$padding is a number from 1-16
            
fwrite($fcstr_repeat(chr($padding), $padding) );//perform PKCS7 padding
            
fclose($fin);
            
fclose($fc);
            
$hmac_raw self::calculate_hmac_after_32bytes($password$hmac_salt$aes_filename);
            
$fc fopen($aes_filename"rb+");
            
fwrite($fc$hmac_raw);//overwrite placeholder
            
fclose($fc);
        }
    }
    public static function 
decryptFile($password$aes_filename$out_stream) {
        
$iv_size mcrypt_get_iv_size(MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128MCRYPT_MODE_CBC);
        
$hmac_raw file_get_contents($aes_filenamefalseNULL,  032);
        
$hmac_salt file_get_contents($aes_filenamefalseNULL32$iv_size);
        
$hmac_calc self::calculate_hmac_after_32bytes($password$hmac_salt$aes_filename);
        
$fc fopen($aes_filename"rb");
        
$fout fopen($out_stream'wb');
        if (!empty(
$fout) && !empty($fc) && self::hash_equals($hmac_raw,$hmac_calc)) {
            
fread($fc32+$iv_size);//skip sha256 hmac and salt
            
$esalt fread($fc$iv_size);
            
$iv    fread($fc$iv_size);
            
$ekey hash_pbkdf2("sha256"$password$esalt$it=1000self::key_size(), $raw=true);
            
$opts = array('mode'=>'cbc''iv'=>$iv'key'=>$ekey);
            
stream_filter_append($fc'mdecrypt.rijndael-128'STREAM_FILTER_READ$opts);
            while (!
feof($fc)) {
                
$block fread($fc8192);
                if (
feof($fc)) {
                    
$padding ord($block[strlen($block) - 1]);//assume PKCS7 padding
                    
$block substr($block00-$padding);
                }
                
fwrite($fout$block);
            }
            
fclose($fout);
            
fclose($fc);
        }
    }
    private static function 
hash_equals($str1$str2) {
        if(
strlen($str1) == strlen($str2)) {
            
$res $str1 $str2;
            for(
$ret=0,$i strlen($res) - 1$i >= 0$i--) $ret |= ord($res[$i]);
            return !
$ret;
        }
        return 
false;
    }
    private static function 
calculate_hmac_after_32bytes($password$hsalt$filename) {
        static 
$init=0;
        
$init or $init stream_filter_register("user-filter.skipfirst32bytes""FileSkip32Bytes");
        
$stream 'php://filter/read=user-filter.skipfirst32bytes/resource=' $filename;
        
$hkey hash_pbkdf2("sha256"$password$hsalt$iterations=100024$raw=true);
        return 
hash_hmac_file('sha256'$stream$hkey$raw=true);
    }
}
class 
FileSkip32Bytes extends php_user_filter
{
    private 
$skipped=0;
    function 
filter($in$out, &$consumed$closing)  {
        while (
$bucket stream_bucket_make_writeable($in)) {
            
$outlen $bucket->datalen;
            if (
$this->skipped<32){
                
$outlen min($bucket->datalen,32-$this->skipped);
                
$bucket->data substr($bucket->data$outlen);
                
$bucket->datalen $bucket->datalen-$outlen;
                
$this->skipped+=$outlen;
            }
            
$consumed += $outlen;
            
stream_bucket_append($out$bucket);
        }
        return 
PSFS_PASS_ON;
    }
}
class 
AES_128_CBC extends AES_CBC {
    protected static function 
key_size() { return self::$KEY_SIZES['AES-128']; }
}
class 
AES_192_CBC extends AES_CBC {
    protected static function 
key_size() { return self::$KEY_SIZES['AES-192']; }
}
class 
AES_256_CBC extends AES_CBC {
    protected static function 
key_size() { return self::$KEY_SIZES['AES-256']; }
}

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